Treadmill Bicycle

Chapter-01

INTRODUCTION

The treadmill bicycle is completely a new way of movement completely designed for runners. Typically using a treadmill basically is similar to running, hiking or walking. Think about the last time you were riding a bike over some kind of obstacles such as train tracks, potholes, speed bumps. Possibilities are you stood up on the pedals to improve your balance when crossing the obstacle. Basically, the treadmill bicycle will provide the rider a well-balanced position the entire time. It is a combination of amalgamation of DC motor with different components upgrading your walking speed to a much higher pace. Since it uses no fuel it a very conventional option for people in their busy schedule to take care of their health completely. People with a busy schedule will also be able to take care of their health and physical fitness. Above all, it is not a conventional treadmill to make use of only in closed rooms, person using treadmill bicycle can roam on roads also. This project overcomes the drawback of the conventional treadmill which is stationary which in fact does not provide the jogger to get exposed to the natural atmosphere. So this proposed methodology provides an ultimate solution by making use of wheels and making the treadmill bicycle a walking cycle.

This deals with conversion of a conventional bicycle into treadmill bicycle. In this bicycle the frame of the bicycle is completely modified and the treadmill is placed in between the two wheels, on which user will walk. The treadmill bicycle is totally new way of moving, it is done by the combination of treadmill and mechanical part i.e. treadmill, bicycle ,gear ,sprocket etc. Motion of bicycle from one place to another place will be done by human effort.  Treadmill bicycle is basically a new concept for travelling and exercising.

It eliminates most of the issues related to both. As we know how important exercise is in this stress full world so it helps to maintain our health as it works through human effort. Due to the ever increasing demand of fuel or electricity for various purposes it also eliminates the use of any energy in any case. The gears present in it provide us the speed which is required for travelling faster. This makes this bicycle different from a simple bicycle. With our effort we can enjoy travelling as well as exercise.

                                                                                     

1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

·         In our day to day life we see that many people’s use bikes cars as a source of transportation. This results in environmental pollution and fuel consumption.

·         In manual treadmill the motion of the treadmill is rough to overcome this we use a motor to rotate the rotors.                       

·         Batteries which are widely used in automobile sector is not rechargeable thus when they disposed create pollution.

·         To improve all above phenomenon we take initiative by designing something which would help to reduce these harmful phenomenon.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

·         Pollution control.

·         Useful for exercise purpose.

·         To reduce the use of non-renewable energy sources.

 1.3 SCOPE

What makes the walking treadmill bike with electric assist awesome? It has the same fat-burning benefits of a regular treadmill, but lets you exercise outdoors or even en route the work. Based on study, men burn 124 calories running roughly a mile on a treadmill, and 88 while walking. Women, on the other hand, burn 105 and 74 respectively.

It allows you to stay physically active while travelling at the same time. You can practically exercise at any time of the day. If you drive out often, you get to exercise just as often. You are basically killing two birds with one stone when you ride the treadmill bike. It features a rugged design and all terrain tires that let you stroll down rough roads or run through evergreen forests. If you want to explore roads less travelled, you can do so using the walking treadmill bike with electric assist.

It lets you jog or take a walk without getting your shoes dirty or modified. Because of its hard wearing belt that offers grip, you don’t need to worry about slipping or falling off the treadmill.

 1.4 EXISTING MODEL

 1.4.1 Previous Project

The previous Major Qualifying Project on this subject (Design, Analysis and Testing of a Treadmill for Older Adults) built a prototype treadmill to fit the perceived needs of elderly users. Once the prototype was completed, the group conducted clinical tests to determine how well it met these needs.

 1.4.2 Machine Selection

The group chose a treadmill as the exercise machine they would modify based on a survey of 121 local senior citizens. The majority of individuals surveyed said that they exercised to improve their cardiovascular health. Also, when asked which area of their bodies limited their exercise the most common answers included knees, ankles and feet. Based on these responses, and also considering other factors such as feasibility of modification, the group examined three different exercise machines. Ultimately, they determined that out of a treadmill, an elliptical machine and a stationary bike a treadmill would be the most suitable for their project.

  1.4.3 Support System

The first modification the previous group made to their treadmill was the addition of a support system. This system included handrails along the sides of the treadmill and a parachute harness suspended above the treadmill.

The handrails they made were mounted on a wooded support structure made of 2x4 and 4x4 beams (figure 1). In total, the structure held four rails, two at a fixed height and two whose heights could be adjusted. The railings were mounted outside the envelope of the treadmill and the adjustable set extended inwards for easier gripping. Where the height of the railings was adjustable in 1 inch increments, the widths of the railings were fixed. These railings spanned the full length of the treadmill. Given the wooden structure of the railings as well as the base they were positioned on, this system added a considerable amount of weight and increased the size of the treadmill’s footprint significantly.

The prior group had also created a separate safety system to provide support for users of the treadmill. This system consisted of a parachute harness suspended from pipes attached to a more 4x4 beams (Figure 2). The harness was height-adjustable based on the straps that connected it to the pipes and frame that was built for it. The construction was made from more wooden 2x4 and 4x4 beams, and steel pipes with flanges. As with the railing system the harness frame added a considerable amount of weight and increased the size of the treadmill significantly. The clinical trials performed by the group yielded both positive and negative feedback regarding these two systems. The constructive criticism stemmed from the lack of adjustability in the handrail system, the size of the treadmill, and the harness. The treadmill was too large according to some of the respondents and they do not want such a large device, especially when it cannot be stored or moved easily. The inclusion of the harness apparatus was appreciated by the respondents; however few of them actually used it. The task of getting into and out of it was too daunting. Also, the harness was considered by those who did use it extremely cumbersome and uncomfortable.

Fig1.4.1: Previous Handrail System

Fig.1.4.2: Parachute Harness

 1.5PROPOSED MODEL

1.5.1 CONCEPT OF TREADMILL BICYCLE

Figure shows the Catia model of treadmill bicycle. For the movement of the walking bike sprockets mechanism is provided. Treadmill bicycle is a combination of treadmill and cycle. Tread belt is fixed with a frame which consist of supportive rollers and two main rollers at extreme ends for movement of the belt. On the extreme last roller sprocket is fitted. Sprocket fitted on rear roller is attached to the motor sprocket by means co745of chain drive. Motor drive the cycle and smoothen the movement of the treadmill belt.

Fig.1.5.1 Design model of treadmill bicycle

Fig.1.5.2 concept of treadmill bicycle

Chapter-02

LITERATURE SURVEY

"Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish them. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that result in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. These definitions are offered as an interpretational framework for comparing studies that relate physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness to health.

A new continuous treadmill protocol  has been designed using a constant treadmill speed (3.3 miles/hour) and regular equal increments in treadmill grade (5 percent/3 min). The constant treadmill speed requires only initial adaptation in patient stride, reduces technician adjustments and produces less electrocardiographic motion artefact than do protocols using multiple or higher treadmill speeds, or both. The regular equal increments in treadmill grade are easy to implement and provide a larger number of workloads than do protocols that are discontinuous or require larger changes in work load.

In this paper, an experimental validation of the lateral dynamics of a bicycle running on a treadmill is presented. From a theoretical point of view, bicycling straight ahead on a treadmill with constant belt velocity should be identical to bicycling on flat level ground with constant forward speed. However, two major differences remain: first, stiffness’s of the contact of the tire with the belt compared to the contact on flat level ground; second, the belt velocity is fixed with respect to the world, irrespective of the change in heading of the bicycle on the treadmill. The admissibility of these two differences is checked by comparing experimental results with numerical simulation results. The numerical simulations are performed on a three-degree-of-freedom benchmarked bicycle model.

Exercise is inevitable to keep health in good status. There are few scientific studies to show the differences between different types of exercises in health and disease. In our study we compared the treadmill exercise and bicycle ergometer exercise and their effect on maximum heart rate attained, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in twenty one healthy volunteer aged between eighteen to twenty years. We recorded these subjects’ blood pressure before exercise and after exercise; heart rate before exercise, during exercise and after exercise. Also we enlisted the advantages and disadvantages of treadmill exercise and bicycle ergometer exercise, so that these two types of exercise can be appropriately used for health promotion, diagnosis of diseases and for rehabilitation of the individuals.

Chapter-03

METHODOLOGY

We are using DFM for our paper. Design for manufacturability also known as design for manufacturing. DFM is the general engineering art of designing products in such a way that they are easy to manufacture. The concept exists in almost all engineering fields. Depending on the manufacturing technology the application differs widely. DFM describes the process of designing a product for facilitating the manufacturing process and reducing its manufacturing costs. In DFM, the potential problems are fixed in the design phase which is the least expensive place to address them. Other factors which may affect the manufacturability are: type of raw material, the form of the raw material, dimensional tolerances, and secondary processing such as finishing.

Cycling is considered as one of the best exercise to eliminate the disease such as blood pressure and obesity. The Dutch has deep love affair with the bicycle which it was probably deemed a good idea to mixing concepts of treadmill with that of bicycle. We know treadmill is one of the modern equipment for excising in modern era. So it was new idea to merge the treadmill and cycle in order to exercise as well as to move from one place to another.

                                      

Treadmill bicycle is a combination of bicycle and treadmill, it help us to perform two works at a time firstly transport ,which is the most essential activity of a person in day to day life. Secondly since the treadmill bicycle works on human efforts it saves time for exercising. The main feature of the treadmill bicycle which makes it different from cycle is that it contains gear motor and battery which helps to travel at a faster rate than the cycle with less human efforts as compared to cycle. It is also cheaper than a normal motor bicycle which also makes it economic. No fuel is consumed. by it because of this reason it is economic and environment friendly.

In our attempt to design a treadmill bicycle, we have adopted a very careful approach. Total design work has been divided into two parts mainly,

·         System Design.

·         Mechanical Design.

System design mainly concern with the various physical concern and ergonomics, space requirements, arrangement of various components on the main frame of treadmill, arrangement of tread belt and rollers, position of braking system, arrangement of motor, sprockets, ease of maintenance, scope of further improvements, ground clearance etc. In mechanical design, the components are categorized into two parts.

·         Design Parts

·         Parts to be purchased.

For design parts, detailed design is done and dimensions thus obtained are compared to next highest dimensions which are readily available in the market. This simplifies the assembly as well as post production servicing work. The various tolerances on work pieces are specified in the manufacturing drawing. The process sheets are prepared and passed on to the manufacturing drawing. The process sheets are prepared and pass on to the manufacturing stage. The parts are to be purchased directly are specified and selected from standard catalogue.

3.1 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS

3.1.1Walking Surface

·         Must be able to support a person weighing a maximum of 250 pounds

·         Must have a coefficient of friction of at least 0.5 between the tread surface and an average shoe

·         Must not have accelerations that exceed +0.1g (3.2 ft/sec), the common value for gentle acceleration of an automobile

3.1.2Rail System

·         Each handrail must be able to withstand a vertical force of 200 pounds

·         Each handrail must be able to withstand a force of 150 pounds in any direction

·         The height of each rail must be easily adjustable between 33 and 39 inches

·         The distance between the handrails must be easily adjustable between 24 and 30 inches

3.1.3User Interface

·         Must have at least one manual and one automatic emergency stop system

·         Each emergency stop system must stop the belt within 2 seconds at maximum speed

·         Must be clear and concise to older adults

3.1.4 Additional Specifications

·         Modifications must increase the weight of the treadmill by no more than 20 percent.

·         Device must cost less than $1000 to construct 

·         Device must have no sharp surfaces

·         Device must assemble with household tools

·         Device must collapse to fit through standard 28 in wide door without using tools.

3.2  WALKING SURFACE

3.2.1 Original Surface

The walking surface of a treadmill consists of the thin moving belt and a rigid plate held between the two surfaces of that belt in order to provide support when the transverse load of footfalls are applied. The original and unmodified treadmill used a sheet of 0.75 inch pressed particle board as a support plate. This was attached to the frame of the treadmill at four points with wood screws placed near the four corners of the sheet. While resting on the rails in a lowered position, the plate received vertical support from small metal risers at the mounting points and from two rubber pads placed under the longest edge of the surface midway between the hard mounting points. According the manual provided with the treadmill, the design intent behind this flexible multi-point mounting system was to decrease the overall stiffness of the plate by providing less support than that provided by direct attachment to two solid rails. In actual practice, the thickness and stiffness of the particle board surface were more than adequate to eliminate all discernable deflection from the system. Users were unable to distinguish the difference in stiffness when additional aluminum supports were inserted between the sheet and the rails, in order to eliminate the compliant effect of the rubber supports. We concluded that modifications would be necessary to achieve a noticeably compliant walking surface capable of decreasing the impact forces associated with walking and running. Additionally, the bottom face of the particle board sheet held two outwardly angled metal brackets. These were oriented such that the belt would slide over them continuously when the system was active. This had the effect of automatically maintaining alignment of belt by creating a restoring force in the event that the belt traveled away from a centered position on its rollers.

3.2.2 Design Selection

From review of the efforts made by the previous MQP group, we knew that attempting to provide damping by applying a soft layer to the outside of the walking belt would be problematic. The continual cyclic straining caused by travel over a small (1-2 inch diameter) roller was so severe that neither chemical nor mechanical fastening methods were sufficient to hold the softening layer in place during any long-term operation. One option discussed was to place a similar softening layer on the inside of the belt. This concept was rejected for two reasons: proper friction interface between the new material and the rollers would be difficult to determine and maintain and that the installation of that layer would require the removal of the existing belt from its rollers and possibly its replacement by a new larger belt. Repair recommendations from the manufacturer and exercise replacement part vendors strongly cautioned against operations involving the removal and/or replacement of belts, as it is difficult to return the belt to a true and straight state of alignment on the rollers particularly if a non-standard belt size is used.

3.2.3 Material Testing

As anticipated, we immediately determined from the ability of both materials to deflect significantly in our bare hands that neither material was sufficiently stiff to weight of a grown person if used to span the two feet between the metal support rails of the treadmill. In order to eliminate this flaw, we elected to support one of the two with a metal plate and create a composite support surface. In order to maintain proper motion of  the belt, it was necessary to ensure that the composite surface is not more than .125” thicker than the original surface. This design consideration seriously limited our choices of material for both the rigid portion and the compliant portion. Because impact reduction was the primary concern the selection of the dampening material would govern remaining aspects of the design.

                                                                                 

3.3 Handrail System

Based on the work done by the prior group working on the treadmill for elderly persons concept, we made the decision to redesign the handrail system and to abandon the idea of having the harness altogether. The decision to not include the harness in our design was made because the reception of the harness received from the persons who tested the treadmill was lackluster. They all seemed to like the idea of the inclusion of one, but no one actually desired to use it. Since this feature was not being utilized, we decided that it would be better if we focused on the other aspects of the treadmill design. Excluding the harness structure allows us to capitalize on another suggestion made by the group who tested the old design, to make the treadmill more compact and moveable. The base treadmill we started with, the ProForm CrossWalk 325, was designed so the walking surface pivoted upwards to the user interface for compact storage (smaller footprint) and so it could be moved more easily. We decided to design our modifications such that that functionality remained intact.

Chapter-04

BASIC COMPONENTS

4.1 DESIGNED COMPONENTS

·         Chassis

·         Fork

·         Axle of Bicycle

·         Axle of Treadmill

·         Bicycle Handle

·         Treadmill Roller

·         Treadmill Side-Frame

·         Walking belt

4.2 STANDARD COMPONENTS

·         Brake

·         Belt

·         Bearing

·         Sprocket

4.1.1 THE TREADMILL

There are majorly two different types of frame materials with standard treadmills having steel frames and newer and premium treadmills with aluminum frames. Aluminum frames will hold up better if you are preparing on keeping your treadmill for several years or if you are near to the weight capacity of the treadmill. The treadmill rails (also known as bars or grips) should be used for providing stability when you are starting or stopping the treadmill or if your treadmill is well equipped with a grip heart monitor, this is where you will take your heart rate measurements. Rails are not meant to be held the complete time that you are using the treadmill, so be sure that they are in a convenient but also out of the way location. You also want the grips to provide comfort and easy to reach for when you do need them.

Fig.4.1.1 The treadmill

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4.1.2  WALKING  BELT

The walking surface of a treadmill comprises of the thin moving belt and a rigid plate held between the two surfaces of that belt so as to provide support when the transverse load of footfalls is applied.

The treadmill belt size is an important characteristic in your treadmill if you are preparing for running or jogging on your treadmill. If you are planning on walking, the belt size is not of much importance. Standard belts run with size 19" wide by 50" long. Although this appears like a good width and length, you must note that the belt goes onto a deck, which includes part of the frame and your console. So even if your belt is 19 x 50, your running space may be 16 by 45. Again, if you are preparing on only walking on your treadmill, this size is ok. However, if you try on running you will want a wider and longer belt, since we have a capability to sway a bit while we run.

The extra width will permit for this swaying without you hitting into the frame and the longer length will permit you to jog with your normal stride without any fear of falling off of your treadmill.

Fig. 4.1.2 Walking belt

4.1.3 ROLLERS

Bicycle rollers are a type of bicycle trainer that make it feasible to ride a bicycle indoors without moving forward. However, dissimilar to other types of bicycle trainers, rollers do not confine to the bicycle frame, and the rider must balance him or herself on the rollers while training. Bicycle rollers normally comprise of three cylinders, drums, or "rollers" (two for the rear wheel and one for the front wheel), on top of which the bicycle runs. A belt joins one of the rear rollers to the front roller, causing the front wheel of the bicycle to spin when the bicycle is pedaled. The spacing of bicycle rollers can normally be adjusted to match the bicycle's wheelbase. Generally, the front roller is adapted to be slightly ahead of the hub of the front wheel.

Fig.4.1.3 Rollers

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4.1.4  WHEELS

A wheel is a circular component that is made to rotate on an axle bearing. The wheel is one of the major components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels along with the axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily allowing movement or transportation while supporting a load or performing labor in machines. Wheels are also utilized for other objectives such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel, potter's wheel and flywheel.

A wheel greatly lessens friction by facilitating motion by rolling together with the use of axles. For rotations of the wheel, a moment must be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by way of gravity or by the application of another external force or torque.

The outline is the "outer edge of a wheel will be holding the tire." It will construct the outer circular design of the wheel on which the inside edge of the tire is mounted on vehicles such as automobiles. For example, on a bicycle wheel, the periphery is a large hoop attached to the outer ends of the spokes of the wheel that holds the tire and tube.

Fig. 4.1.4 Wheels

4.2.1 BEARING

A bearing is machine element which holds another moving machine element. The moving machine element called as a journal. Bearing allows a relative motion between the contact surfaces of the members while transferring the load. A certain amount of power is wasted in removing frictional resistance. So as to reduce frictional resistance and wear and to carry away the heat generated, a lubricant may be utilized. The lubricant used is often a mineral oil refined from petroleum. The bearing block is provided to hold the bearings. It is made up from cast iron. All the bearings are fabricated on the machine frame.

Fig. 4.2.1 Bearing

4.2.2 SPROCKET

A sprocket or sprocket wheel is a profiled wheel which has teeth, cogs, or even sprockets that mesh with a chain, track or other perforated or indented material. The name 'sprocket' applies usually to any wheel upon which radial projections retain a chain passing over it. It is different from a gear in that sprockets are never conjugated together directly, and differs from a pulley, in that sprockets which has teeth and pulleys are smooth.

Fig. 4.2.2 Sprocket

Chapter-05

REQUIREMENTS

5.1  MATERIAL SELECTION

The materials used in this project are detailed as follows:

·         Mild Steel.

·         Nylon rubber fabric.

·         PVC (polyvinyl chloride).

                            

5.1.1MILD STEEL

The frame of treadmill and front & rear rollers are made up of mild steel.

Reasons:

·         Mild steel is readily available in market.

·          It is economical to use.

·         It is available in standard size.

·         It has good mechanical properties i.e. it is easily machinable.

·         It has moderate factor of safety, because factor of safety results in unnecessary wastage of material and heavy selection.

·         It has high tensile strength.

·         Low co-efficient of thermal expansion.

5.1.1.1 PROPERTIES OF MILD STEEL

M.S. has carbon content from 0.15% to 0.30%. They are easily wieldable thus can be hardened only. They are similar to wrought in properties. Both ultimate tensile and compressive strength of these steel increases with increasing carbon content. They can be easily gas welded or electric or arc welded. With increase in the carbon percentage weld ability decreases. Mild steel serves the purpose and hence selected because of above purpose.

5.1.2 NYLON RUBBER FABRIC

Standard material available for tread belt is nylon fabric. So we use this material for treadmill belt. Nylon rubber fabric is cheap and easily available, less in cost & having property of wear resistance.

5.1.3 PVC(POLYVINYL CHLORIDE)

PVC pipes are used as a supportive roller in treadmill frame. PVC pipes are used because those are light in weight, easily available, cost is less and also having a smooth surface finish which gives smooth motion of belt on the surface of supporting rollers.

Chapter-06

DESIGN OF MAIN FRAME COMPONENTS

6.1 TREADMILL FRAME DESIGN

Material - Mild Steel

As the standard available tread belt size is (920*480) mm. Frame design is done according to the tread belt size.

As per space availability and clearance for reduction of friction, frame size is (1090*410) mm.

Fig. 6.1 Catia model of frame.

Frame consists of a 09 rollers, in which first and last roller is for movement of belt and other are supportive rollers. Rollers are fitted in frame by means of bush.

6.2DESIGN OF FRONT AND REAR ROLLER

Width of the frame is 410 mm. So we choose length of rollers as 400mm. To reduce the friction of belt with frame 5 mm clearance is provided on both sides. Front roller is of diameter 58mm and that of rear one have diameter 49mm. For easy and fast movement of belt some taper should be provided to belt that’s why front roller is large in diameter and rear is in small diameter.

Rollers are connected to frame by using MS rod of diameter 10 mm. PVC bush are placed in front roller and deep groove ball bearing 6000, which is use for light weight operation is used. Rear roller is directly welded to 10mm MS rod.

6.3DESIGN OF SUPPORTIVE ROLLERS

This roller serves the purpose of support to the tread belt. 19 supportive rollers are fitted in frame structure.

They are made up of a PVC material. The PVC pipes have diameter of ¾ inch that is 19.05 mm and length is 390mm.

All the design calculation of frame and rollers is done on the basis of load carrying capacity of walking bike and space availability. Load carrying capacity of walking bike is 100 kg.

Fig.6.2 Assembly of treadmill bicycle

Fig. 6.3 Different views of treadmill bicycle

Chapter-07

WORKING PRINCIPLE

When we walk or run on the walking surface it gives rotation to rear wheel of bicycle and treadmill bicycle is moving forward. The walking surface of a treadmill consists of the thin moving belt and a rigid plate placed between the two surfaces of that belt in order to provide backing when the transverse load of footfalls is applied. The original and unmodified treadmill used a sheet of 0.75 inches pressed particle board as a support plate. This was attached to the frame of the treadmill at four points with wood screws placed near the four corners of the sheet. While resting on the rails in a lowered position, the plate received vertical support from small metal risers at the mounting points and from two rubber pads placed under the longest edge of the surface midway between the hard mounting points. According to the manual provided with the treadmill, the design intent behind this flexible multi-point mounting system was to reduce the overall stiffness of the plate by providing less support than that provided by direct attachment to two solid rails. In actual practice, the thickness and stiffness of the particle board surface were more than required to remove all discernable deflection from the system. Users were unable to distinguish the difference in stiffness when additional aluminum supports were inserted between the sheet and the rails, in order to remove the compliant effect of the rubber supports. We concluded that modifications would be necessary to achieve an ideally compliant walking surface capable of reducing the impact forces related with walking and running. Additionally, the bottom face of the particle board sheet held two outwardly angled metal brackets. These were oriented such that the belt would slide over them consecutively when the system was active.

This had the effect of automatically maintaining alignment of the belt by forming a restoring force in the event which will be belt traveled away from a centered position on its rollers. When we start using the treadmill then the rear wheel starts moving and hence the flywheel gets momentum. So once the flywheel gets momentum the bicycle will keep moving due the moment gained by flywheel.

The treadmill cycle is driven manually, more or less effort is required to drive bike as the effort required in  treadmill cycle. It consists of treadmill, fork, chassis, handle, gear mechanism , bearing, chain and sprocket, flywheel etc. In this bicycle the frame of the bicycle is completely modified and the treadmill is placed in between the two wheels, on which user will walk. The cycle wheel is attached with sprocket which attached to the other end in the treadmill by using chain-drive which circulate motion while driving treadmill , resulting in driving both cycle and treadmill at same time. Tread belt is fixed with a frame which consist of supportive rollers and two main rollers at extreme ends for movement of the belt. On the extreme last roller sprocket is fitted.

  

Fig.7.1 design layout

Fig.7.2.1 treadmill bicycle designed output

Fig.7.2.2  treadmill frame and belt

7.1 DESIGNED COMPONENT

The components that we designed are chassis, fork, axle of bicycle and treadmill, handle, treadmill roller and side frame of treadmill. First of all we studied various types of each components stated above. Then we select particular type of each component. Then we identified specific function of that component. After this we did material selection based on functional requirement. Then we identified material properties from manufacturing catalogue. Then we identified permissible stress using suitable factor of safety. After that we did stress analysis for various components, on Ansys software, then dimensions whose stress in within permissible limit is selected.

7.2 SELECTED COMPONENTS

The components we selected were brake, belt, bearings, suspension, wheels. First of all we studied functional requirement of each components stated above. Then we select particular type of material of each component based on their functional requirement. We performed various calculations to find out dimensions and capabilities of each components.

7.3 BENEFITS

7.3.1Exercise

Treadmill bicycle helps in maintaining proper physique. Physical fitness is of utmost importance in day to day life. People often get bored while exercising in a closed room such as gym. By using treadmill bicycle one can exercise outdoors in fresh air.

7.3.2Fuel saving

People often use vehicle for travelling over short distance. This causes unnecessary wastage of fuel. Due to use of treadmill bicycle over short distance a large amount of fuel can be saved.

7.3.3Travelling

Treadmill bicycle can be used for travelling over short distances. One can also exercise while travelling over short distance.

7.3.4Eco- friendly

Treadmill bicycle does not require any fuel. Therefore it does not emit any pollutants. So it is an eco friendly vehicle.

Chapter-08

IMPORTANCE OF TREADMILL AND TREADMILL BICYCLE

•      The treadmill is a relatively easy piece of exercise equipment to use.

•      The treadmill has a predictable surface that is much easier to negotiate than sidewalks , curbs or trails and the risk of tripping is reduced.

•      Multiple user can use the same equipment without adjusting the structure.

•      Running on treadmill generally burns calories faster than most other forms  of in – home exercise, such as biking.

•      The treadmill bicycle is a totally  new way of moving ,both walking on treadmill as well as travelling on cycle same time.

•      This  hybrid mobility device is to make cycling as well as exercise , comfortable and exciting one.

•      By using treadmill bicycle one can exercise outdoors in fresh air.

•      Due to use of treadmill bicycle over short distance a large amount of fuel can be saved.

•      Treadmill bicycle can be used for travelling over short distances. One can also exercise while travelling over short distance.

•      Treadmill bicycle does not require any fuel. Therefore it does not emit any pollutants. So it is an eco-friendly vehicle.

Chapter-09

CONCLUSIONS

This system can be efficiently used anywhere whether it is outdoor or indoor. This utilizes highly fuel-saving technology which is a major requirement of this era. In the future, it can be used as an indoor locomotive device infrastructure with large roof span i.e. malls, warehouse, open markets, large office spaces, etc. By using such product pedestrian cops can protect themselves from getting exhausted. Pedestrians in large campuses can take benefit from this product the same way. We can replace cycle as an energy efficient vehicle for those who cannot drive a cycle.

We developed a branch and bound approach which is coupled with quick, effective bounds to optimize the “Treadmill bicycle” which serves the purpose of exercise and travelling and also reduce the use of non- renewable energy resources.

The design of control architecture was an important aspect of study because a strong interaction between the many different parts was needed. We know that the “Treadmill bicycle” cannot be used on roads due to some drawbacks. But we will correct the drawbacks in the cycle & will be used on road. So we are satisfied with our project.

The treadmill bike will proof to be a future vehicle as no fuel is used for travelling through this and it is pollution free. The treadmill which is used for walking helps to keep us fit as exercise is also one of the important task for a person to be fit and healthy for day to day life. Treadmill is cheaper than the normal bike which also makes it efficient and economic.

Chapter-10

FUTURE SCOPE

The treadmill bicycle is totally new way of moving it is done by the new way of electric and mechanical part assessment battery and gear .Motion of bicycle from one place to another place will be done by human effort. The electric assist is in the combination with the gear. The three gear pair boosting your walking pace up the regular bicycle. As we know the bike works on more on human effort it helps to eliminate a health issues like obesity and lungs diseases, driving it daily through as short distance can help to maintain good health as we know it does not use any fuel of which the cost is increasing frequently nowadays becoming very costly this will be a good option for travelling in the near future.

It can be driven by any person of different edges. Due to scarcity of fuel, treadmill bicycle will benefit great extend to human life. It also helps in exercising which is required for a person to be fit, so treadmill bicycle also saves time for exercising.

Chapter-11

FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS

Treadmill bicycle has some advantages and some disadvantages. the main disadvantage of walking bike is its discharging battery. Due sudden discharge of battery in between of travelling leads to face many problems to overcome this disadvantage we can do some improvements in present model.

To overcome this discharge problem we can install a solar panel to the system it will recharge the battery and continuous movement of Treadmill bicycle can be possible. Solar panel is one of the simplest ways to charge the battery. Another way is generation of electricity by using dynamo generator. The mechanical energy generated by human due to walking on tread belt is converted to electrical energy by using dynamo generator. It will produce a small amount of energy. Small increment of energy in rechargeable battery will move the bike continuously.

Chapter-12

REFERENCES

•      Www.google.com

•      www.wikipedia.com

•      Kirtish Bondre, Sanket Beradpatil, S. J. Thorat,” Design and Fabrication of Treadmill Bicycle” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Engineering and Technology ,(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization),Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016.

•      Prof. Pradeep M. Ingole and Mukund Manas “Ergonomic design of bicycle handle.” International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering vol.5, pp. 472-481,April2015.

•      Bhandari V.B., Design of machine elements, eighteenth edition, MC Graw-hill companies,2003.

•      www.ijmter.com

•      GreatMats.com Corporation. (2007). Patio Paver Tile. Retrieved September 20, 2007, from GreatMats.com: http://www.greatmats.com/products/patio-paver- tile.html?gclid=CLG11Juq6I8CFQMsFQodPU_Q6w

•      www.irjet.com

•      Virendra Ahire, Nirav Patel, Dhruv Amin , Harshal Barot,”Fabrication of walking cycle”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 03 Issue: 05 | May-2016.